Allopurinol 300 mg

30 tablets
Active ingredient: Allopurinol

What is it and how is it used?

Allopurinol is taken in order to reduce the levels of uric acid in the blood:
In adults with too high uric acid levels, which can not be controlled by diet, with or complaints, particularly:

    gout
    Kidney damage caused by uric acid
    the resolution and prevention of uric acid stones
    to avoid calcium oxalate at elevated uric acid levels

In adults, children and adolescents with a body weight of 45 kg or above with excessive uric acid levels and increased uric acid in the urine, caused for example by.:

    radiotherapy
    Tumor treatment with drugs
    Other heavy cell disintegration

In children and adolescents with a body weight of 45 kg or more:

    Kidney damage caused by uric acid during the treatment of blood cancers with too many abnormal white blood cells or
    certain hereditary enzyme deficiency disorders, known as Lesch-Nyhan syndrome and adenine phosphoribosyl Transferasemangel

What you need to consider before using it?

Allopurinol should not be used

if you are allergic to allopurinol or any of the excipients listed in section 6 of this medicine

- With severe renal impairment with a creatinine clearance below 20 ml / min This drug is not suitable for children weighing less than 45 kg.

Warnings and Precautions

It is important to take into account that the treatment is not necessary if

    Your uric acid blood levels below 9 mg / 100 ml are
    Your kidney function is normal
    Follow these dietary recommendations: The prerequisite for a successful therapy constitutes a reasonable diet, with an existing obesity should be reduced. Foods with a particularly high uric acid content, such as organ meats, bouillon cubes, sardines, anchovies and larger quantities of alcohol are to be avoided.

Ask your doctor for advice before taking allopurinol if you

    have poor kidney function. Impaired renal function is more likely in patients o the remedy for high blood pressure (ACE inhibitors) are taking, or taking o dehydrator (diuretics) to treat high blood pressure and heart conditions
    have impaired liver function
    exhibit disturbance of hematopoiesis

In these 3 cases, your doctor will monitor blood counts.
In case of hypersensitivity reactions on the part of the skin, the treatment must be discontinued immediately.
With use of allopurinol (Stevens-Johnson syndrome, toxic epidermal necrolysis hypersensitivity syndrome) was of serious skin rashes reported. Often the rash (red and swollen eyes) goes hand in hand in the mouth, nose, throat, genitals and conjunctivitis with ulcers. Additional signs are reddish spots with darker center or circular patches with central blisters on the trunk. This severe rash, often preceded by flu-like symptoms such as fever, headache or pain Full. The rash can lead to large-scale blistering and peeling of the skin. These serious skin reactions may occur more frequently in individuals of Han or Thai descent.
If you get a rash or these skin reactions occur when you stop taking allopurinol and contact your doctor immediately and tell the doctor that you take this medicine.
,
The highest risk for the occurrence of serious skin reactions is during the first weeks of treatment.
If at you the hypersensitivity syndrome, Stevens-Johnson syndrome or toxic epidermal Nekroylse has developed while taking allopurinol, allopurinol may be added at any time again.
If you have cancer or Lesch-Nyhan syndrome, uric acid levels may be increased in your urine. To prevent this, make sure that you drink enough to dilute your urine.
Drink enough fluids to keep your urine output is at least 2 liters a day. This is especially important if you allopurinol treatment

    gout kidney

- Are taking uric acid stones.
For large urinary stones in the renal pelvis is not ruled out that parts of the resolution due to allopurinol treatment stones may fix the ureter. If you have discomfort when urinating or pain, please contact a doctor immediately.
At the beginning of treatment gout attacks may occur. For this reason you will prescribe your doctor painkillers or colchicine during the first 4 weeks of treatment with allopurinol.
In the presence of acute attacks of gout, treatment with allopurinol should be initiated only after they have completely resolved because more attacks may be triggered.

Allopurinol with other medicines

Tell your doctor or pharmacist if you are taking other medicines / apply, have recently taken / used any other medicines or are considering taking other medicines / apply.
Allopurinol and following medicines may affect each other's action:

6-mercaptopurine, a drug used to treat blood cancers with too many abnormal white blood cells or
Drugs for the treatment of aggressive tumors like

cyclophosphamide
doxorubicin
bleomycin
procarbazine
alkyl halides

Your doctor will monitor your blood count at short intervals.

    Azathioprine, cyclosporine: drugs that are used to suppress the immune system or treat other diseases. Please note that under cyclosporine can occur side effects more frequently.
    Vidarabine, a drug used to treat viral infections. Please note that under vidarabine side effects may occur more frequently.
    Didanosine, a drug used to treat HIV infection
    Ampicillin, amoxicillin, medicines to treat bacterial infections If possible, patients should receive antibiotics, since the occurrence of allergic reactions is more likely.
    Salicylates, medicinal products for the reduction of pain, fever and inflammation, like aspirin
    Probenecid, benzbromarone, drugs to increase the excretion of uric acid during urination
    Chlorpropamide, a drug used to treat diabetes (diabetes). A reduction of Chlorpropamiddosis may be especially necessary with decreased renal function in patients.
    Warfarin, phenprocoumon, acenocoumarol, medicines used to prevent normal blood clotting. Your doctor will monitor your blood clotting times more often and if necessary reduce the dose of these drugs.
    Phenytoin, a drug used to treat epilepsy and certain pain complaints
    Theophylline, a medicine used to treat asthma and other respiratory ailments. Your doctor will your theophylline blood determine, especially when starting treatment with allopurinol or in subsequent dose adjustments.
    Captopril, a drug for treatment of hypertension and heart disease

The risk of skin reaction may be, especially if your kidney function is chronically reduced, increase.

    Antacids, drugs to neutralize the stomach acid. The antacids should be at a minimum distance of 3 hours.

Tell your doctor therefore with which medicines you are currently taking, especially if you these doctor prescribed by another (specialized).

Allopurinol along with food, drink and alcohol Avoid

Alcohol, especially beer
Foods with a high purine content such as offal (sweetbreads, kidneys, brain, heart and tongue) and meat extract

pregnancy and breast feeding period
If you are pregnant or breastfeeding, or if you suspect you may be pregnant or intend to become pregnant, ask before taking this medicine your doctor or pharmacist for advice.

Pregnancy:

Take allopurinol during pregnancy only one, if your doctor considers it absolutely necessary, as insufficient knowledge exists.

Lactation:

You should allopurinol during lactation not take, because this drug is excreted into breast milk.

Driving and using machines

Note: This medicine may interfere with the responsiveness and ability to drive.
While taking allopurinol You may feel dizzy and tired, or there may be of movements. If these side effects with you, your ability to drive or your ability to drive or operate machinery may be impaired.

How is it used?

Take this medicine exactly as your doctor or pharmacist. Ask yourself if you are not sure with your doctor or pharmacist.
adult

    usual starting dose: 100 mg daily. Your doctor may adjust your dose depending on the value of uric acid in your blood.
    Maximum dose: 3 tablets a day

Children and adolescents with a body weight of 45 kg or above

    usual dose: daily 10 mg of allopurinol per kg body weight, divided into 3 doses
    Maximum dose: 400 mg

Children and adolescents with a body weight of less than 45 kg
Due to the higher drug content allopurinol 300 mg - tablets are not suitable for this patient group.
People over 65 years
Your doctor will prescribe the lowest possible dose to treat your symptoms.
People with reduced kidney or liver function
Due to the higher drug content allopurinol 300 mg - tablets are not suitable for this patient group. In this case possibly other allopurinol drugs are suitable.
Your doctor may after each dialysis (hemodialysis) 300-400 mg allopurinol prescribe that should be taken immediately after treatment.
If a single dose may be required by allopurinol 300 mg can not be reached (eg., Less than 150 mg, or ½ tablet Allopurinol 300 mg or higher intermediate dose), so your doctor will prescribe medication at a lower concentration (100 mg allopurinol ) recommend.

type of application

To take.
Take Allopurinol

    without chewing
    with plenty of fluid
    after the meal and
    always at the same time of day

Distribute the dose throughout the day when

    You are taking more than 1 tablet per day or
    occur stomach or intestine problems as a side effect

Duration of treatment

Treatment with Allopurinol is generally necessary for a significant period. Please take Allopurinol a regular basis and for as long as prescribed by your doctor.
Contact your doctor for regular checks.
If you take more than you should allopurinol
Please consult a doctor if you have used too much allopurinol. Nausea, vomiting, diarrhea and dizziness may be symptoms of overdose.
Note to physician:
Information for Overdose, see the end of the leaflet.

If you forget to take Allopurinol

Take the missed dose as soon as possible. When it's time for the next dose, skip the missed dose.
Do not take a double dose if you have forgotten dose.

If you stop taking allopurinol

Discontinue allopurinol without the consent of your doctor, because the success of therapy can be reduced.
If you have further questions about taking this medicine, contact your doctor or pharmacist.

What are possible side effects?

Like all medicines, this medicine can cause side effects, although not everybody gets them.
If you experience any of the following side effects occur, consult a specialist doctor or go to a hospital straight away:
hypersensitivity
The signs may include:
Frequently, may affect up to 1 in 10 people: - Rash
Occasionally, may affect up to 1 in 100 people:

    Hypersensitivity reactions, including fever, skin reactions, chills, joint pain, liver dysfunction, acute cholangitis (inflammation of the bile ducts) and xanthine stones (known as DRESS or hypersensitivity syndrome).

If such reactions occur, which may be at any time during treatment, allopurinol should be discontinued immediately and never receive the treatment.

    Symptoms of infection, such as fever and general malaise or
    Fever with local infection symptoms such as sore throat, throat, mouth, or urinary difficulties

Rarely, can affect up to 1 in 1,000 people:

    severe skin reactions, which are accompanied by peeling of the skin, fever, lymph node swelling, joint pain and / or changes in the blood picture as Stevens-Johnson syndrome and toxic epidermal necrolysis (toxic epidermal necrolysis)
    Vascular inflammation, tissue reactions

Very rare, may affect up to 1 in 10,000 people:

    life-threatening allergic shock reaction

If you experience any of these side effects occur, stop taking allopurinol and inform your doctor immediately.
Consult a doctor if you experience any of the following side effects, which are also possible with this medicine:
Occasionally, may affect up to 1 in 100 people:

    Nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain and diarrhea. These stomach / intestinal disorders sometimes occur at the beginning of treatment and are usually temporary. They can often be avoided by taking after meals with plenty of fluid. Further, gout attacks occur at the beginning of treatment in individual patients.
    Increase in liver function tests without further complaints

Rarely, can affect up to 1 in 1,000 people:

    Inflammation of the liver including the destruction of liver cells can range in extreme cases up to inflamed, nodular liver tissue.

Very rare, may affect up to 1 in 10,000 people:

    Change the lymph nodes (lymphadenopathy angioimmunoblastic) which disappears after discontinuation of allopurinol
    Vomiting blood (recurring)
    increased fat excretion in the feces
    Stomatitis, changed bowel movements
    change in the number of white blood cells, which can often lead to infections
    Lack of red blood cells due to abnormal or decreased production in the bone marrow

    weakness
    general malaise
    painful, deep, nodular inflammation of the hair follicles, which is caused by bacteria
    coma
    increased blood pressure
    Blood in urine
    Increase breast size in men (gynecomastia) on one or both sides
    Sensory disturbances such as tingling or numbness
    increasing values of blood fats
    Changes in taste perception
    Difficulty in controlling movements
    hair loss
    Sore throat
    impotence
    Infertility in Men
    a headache
    abnormal increase of substances in the blood, which occur usually in the urine, due to a decreased renal function
    paralysis
    Muscle aches
    Diseases of the nerves, including inflammation of the nerves in the arms and legs
    sleepiness
    dizziness
    depression
    blurred vision
    Lens opacity
    certain eye disorders with macular degeneration, which can lead to loss of central vision
    Bleaching the hair
    decreased heart rate
    Increase the water retention in the tissue
    Diabetes (diabetes mellitus)
    Fever (without the context of a hypersensitivity reaction)
    Rashes in response to drug delivery (Drug)

Not known (can not be estimated from the available data)

    Conjunctivitis

Reporting of adverse reactions
If you notice any side effects, contact your doctor or pharmacist. This includes any possible side effects not listed in this leaflet.

How should it be stored?

Below 25 ° C.
Store in the original package in order to protect from light.
Keep this medicine out of reach of children.
Do not use this medicine after the expiry date stated on the carton. The expiry date refers to the last day of that month.
Do not dispose of medicines via wastewater or household waste. Ask your pharmacist how to dispose of medicines when you are done using it. These measures will help to protect the environment.

Further information

What contains allopurinol

The active ingredient is allopurinol. 1 tablet contains 300 mg of allopurinol.
The other ingredients are: cellulose (powder), povidone (K25), macrogol 4000, crospovidone, magnesium stearate, talc, microcrystalline cellulose

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